Making sentences with this/that 83

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 MAKING SENTENCES WITH THE PRONOUNS

                                   THIS THAT

Rule

This/that + is/was

These/Those + are/were

THIS + NOUN

(Five types of spoken sentences)

This is a book/tree/bank etc.

This isn’t a book.

Is this a book?

Isn’t this is a book?

What is this?

THIS + IS + ADJECTIVE

(Five types of spoken sentences)

This is too hot.

This is not too hot.

Is that too hot? (No, I don’t think so)

Isn’t that too hot?

How is that? (Too hot  or just warm)

THIS + IS + PREPOSITION

(Five type of spoken sentences)

This is for Jack

This isn’t for Jack.

Is this for Jack?

Isn’t this for Jack?

Who is this for?

THIS + THING(S) + IS + POSSESSIVE WORD- MINE, YOURS ETC.

That book is mine

That book is not yours.

Is that book yours?

Isn’t that book yours?

Whose book is this?

THIS + IS + PAST  PARTICIPLE

This is a  polished stone

That is a furnished apartment.

That is a painted room

THIS + IS + POSSESSIVES - MY, YOUR ETC.

That  is my book.

THIS IS YOUR PEN

That is her bag.

Those are your keys

These are my clothes.

THIS + IS + POSSESSIVE- APOSTROPHE

This is Rajesh’s

That’s Rajan’s

THIS + IS + POSSESSIVE OF 

This is the key of Rajan

That is the house of Shane

THIS + PREPOSITION + OBJECT PRONOUN

This is for me

That is for her

Those chairs are for us

THIS  IN EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE

What a huge waste this is!

What a nice place this is!

THIS/THAT + APPRECIATION

That’s very kind of  you

That’s very nice.

That’s it (Praising someone)

THIS/THAT OVER PHONE

This is Alex. Is that James?

This is Share from ASS Construction.

THIS/THAT IN CRITICISM

This is not the way to do things

This is too short/long/high/low/salty/sweet

This/that is too bad

This place is too crowded/small.

THIS AS AN INTRODUCTORY WORD IN WRITING

This is to state that I am meeting the PM on ….

This is to inform you that the Chairman is ….

THIS /THAT AS A PROMPT

You are Jim, Aren’t  you?  ‘yes, that’s right’

I was promoted to higher level,  that’s very nice, congratulation.

This/that  to introduce someon
     

END OF THE POST

Requesting suggestions - 82

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MODEL SENTENCES 

Could/can you suggest a good hotel nearby?

Oh yes there is one down this street. (Positive reply)

Sorry I am now aware (Negative reply)

Sorry, the shop keeper over there might help you......

Can/could you recommend a competent plumber for this work?

Yes I know a Man by name Bill, but he is not available today

Sorry I don’t know.

Mr. David will guide you in this matter.

Is that man a good painter?

I am afraid he isn’t, he is just a worker.

Ye he is, his touch gives new glow to the walls.

Please ask Clara she know him better.

Will this new model (Car)  last longer? You have any idea? (= Have you any idea)

This model is new to me too.

Sorry I am not aware of this new model. Perhaps the mechanic over there  might give you some Idea about this car.

Do you know any engineer, who can repair this building?

Sorry, I don’t

Sorry, I don’t but I can give you an address where  you can find good house builders.

Do you know some who can guide my son  choose a good course in medicine

O, Yes  My friend David is an Expert guide in this field.

How about this jeans? It is durable?

I think that one will be O.K

I don't think so, you look at the one over there, that's seems nice.       

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Reported questions - 81

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                       REPORTED/INDIRECT - QUESTIONS

Joe asked Jim, “How are you?” (Direct speech)

Jim reports the matter to Shane in the following words.

Joe asked me, how I was? Joe asked me,  how was I?  (Indirect/reported speech)

To know more about Reported/Indirect speech please Click 68 

SAMPLE SENTENCES 

He asked her, “ where is the post office?”

He asked her, where the post office was?

She enquired him, “ where are you going now?”

She enquired him, where he was going then.

The teacher asked the student, “ why are you so sad?”

The teacher asked the student, why he/she was so sad. 

The librarian asked Joe, “Which book are you taking?”

The librarian asked Joe, “Which book  he was taking.” 

They said,” where shall we meet tonight?”

They said, where they  should meet that night.

A man asked his wife,” where has he (son) gone?”

A man asked his wife, where he had gone.

A clerk asked his manager,” What Shall I do?”

A clerk asked his manager, What he should do. 

Clara asked the floor manager,” Where  shall I sit?”

Clara asked the floor manager, where I should sit.

A stranger asked a boy” What is your name?”

A stranger asked a boy, What his name was.

The boss asked employees, “How are you?”

The boss asked employees, “ how we were. 

A mother asked her son,” How will you do your home work?”

A mother asked her son, how he would do his homework. 

The waiter asked a customer,” How do feel now?”

The waiter asked a customer, how he felt then.

The head teacher enquired a student,” Where were you yesterday?”

The head teacher enquired a student, where he/she was the day before.       

END OF THE POST

                                                                                                             

Coffee invitation -80

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A AND B TALK ABOUT HAVING SOME COFFEE 

Type -1

A Shall we have some coffee?

B That’s good, I like hot coffee sips.

A Come on let’s have it at George’s(A coffee house/restaurant )

B  Good idea. (= It’s a good idea.)

Type – 2

A Would you like to have some coffee?

B  That sounds good, I should have some, I feel sleepy. But I don’t think we have a good cafeteria here.

A  We do have a good cafeteria Just Behind This building

B  That’s very nice (= that is very nice)

Type – 3

A  Come on  Buddy let’s have some hot stuff/drink

B  I think we should have some coffee.

A  You are right/that’s right/that’s a good idea.

Type – 4

A  How about a cup of coffee?

B  Sounds good,  I always enjoy coffee after work.

A  Shall we have it at the cafeteria downstrairs.

B  Let’s have it at the restaurant just across the road.

Type – 5

A Is there a restaurant over there? I feel hungry again.

B  Yes, there is one down the street.

A  Come let’s drop in there, and have some cookies and some coffee.

B  Good idea, let’s move.

Type -6

A Would you like to have some hot drink?

B  Thanks, I had tea just now with Clara. Or I would love to have.

A  How about some orange juice? .

B  That’s very nice.

Type – 7

A  It’s time to have some hot drink.
B  You are right.

B  What about hot coffee?
A  A good choice.

A  That’s a good  idea in this chill weather.(or)
     It's a good idea I fee tired now, I must have some hot coffee.

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        Expanded  Tenses (2) - 79

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Prior informationSubject, Verb, helping verb, First, second and Third person, noun types. Click Grammarmail.com  For Grammar basics.


What are Affirmative, Negative and Interrogative sentences?
Russia is the largest country in the world. (Affirmative)
China is not a small country.  (Negative sentence)
What is Alkali? ('wh' Interrogative sentence)
Are you Susan? ('yes/no' interrogative sentence)

Tenses Expansion

Knowledge of expanded Tenses is necessary to form Negative and Interrogative Sentences, if it doesn't have anomalous finite Verb.
NOTE: In Past tense 'did' (Helping verb) is used to expand the Past tense. Some people use expanded Tenses form, for asserting something


MODEL EXPANDED TENSES (Past tense)
She went to Thailand last week. ( Normal tense form)
She did go to Thailand last week. (Expanded Tense form).
She did went to Thailand last week.

We saw the boss in the morning. (Normal tense form)
We did see the boss in the morning. (Expanded tense form)
We did saw the boss in the morning.

Making different types of sentences  in the Past tense

MODEL - 1
He made a  mistake (Normal tense)
He did make a mistake (Expanded tenses)
He did not make a mistake (Negative sentence)
Did he make a mistake? (‘yes/no’ question)
Didn’t he make a mistake?(‘yes/no’ negative question)
What did he do? (‘Wh’ question)

MODEL-2
They met the president last week. (Normal tense)
They did meet the president last week.(Expanded tenses)
They didn’t meet the president last week.(Negative sentence)
Did they meet the president last week?(‘yes/no’ question)
Didn’t they meet the president last week?(‘yes/no’ negative question)
When did they meet the president? (‘Wh’ question)
Who did they meet last week? (‘Wh’ question)

MODEL -3
They had dinner at Blue diamonds.(Normal tense)
They did have dinner at Blue diamonds.(Expanded tenses)
They didn’t have dinner at Blue diamonds.(Negative sentence)
Did they have dinner at blue diamonds? (‘yes/no’ question)
Didn’t they have dinner at Blue diamonds?(‘yes/no’ negative question)
Where did they have dinner? (‘Wh’ question)


End of the post  

                                                  

           Expanded  Tenses - 78

           

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Prior informationSubject, Verb, helping verb, First, second and Third person, noun types. Click Grammarmail.com  For Grammar basics.


What are Affirmative, Negative and Interrogative sentences?
Russia is the largest country in the world. (Affirmative)
China is not a small country.  (Negative sentence)
What is Alkali? ('wh' Interrogative sentence)
Are you Susan? ('yes/no' interrogative sentence)


Tenses Expansion
Knowledge of expanded Tenses is necessary to form Negative and Interrogative Sentences, if it doesn't have anomalous finite Verb.

They go to church every Sunday.  (Usual form)
They do go to church every Sunday.  (Expanded form)

NOTE: In Present tense do/does (Helping verbs) are used to expand the Present tense. Some people use expanded Tenses form, for asserting something.


Usage of do/does with different Subjects.
I/we/you/they + do
He/she/it + does

NOTE: 'it' includes all collective nouns, pronouns, things (Singular) etc. They includes all plural nouns/things etc.

Model sentences (Usual and expanded Tenses)

We meet her daily.
We do meet her daily.

John speaks French.
John does speak French.

Shane works in a bank.
Shane does work in a bank.

The river Flows swiftly.
The river does flow swiftly.

They work till midnight.
They do work till midnight.

Making negatives and interrogatives (With expanded Tenses)

She knows German (Usual Tense form)  
She does know German (Expanded Tense form)
She doesn't know German. (Negative sentence)
Does she know German? ('yes/no' question)
What language does she know?  ('wh' question)


They play Chess well (Usual tense form)
They do play chess well (Expanded Tense form)
They don't (do not) play chess well. (Negative sentence)
Do they play chess well. ('yes/no' Interrogative sentence)
What (Game) do they play well? ('wh' interrogative sentence)

End of the post