Sunday, January 8, 2017

How to communicate in English - 4

How to Develop Communication and Fluency Skills in English

The reason why the majority of  university graduates failed to communicate even in simple English is, that they are not exposed to the language acquisition, instead they are forced to learn the English literature and the academic grammar. For good Communication skills  proficiency  in the following 
areas is a must.


Listening skill

Comprehension skill

Lexical chunks 

Situational English expressions

Vocabulary, 

Pronunciation, 

Functional grammar, 

Fluency Training  


The easiest and the most effective way to acquire communication skills is to learn frequently used Expressions and Phrases used in a particular contexts (Situations). 

Please Visit the following FREE site  to learn Frequently used English expressions, besides the pronunciation of each expression, I am sure you would started speaking in English confidently within 100 days. Please Click
https://www.speaklanguages.com/english/phrases/

General Instruction 
1. Keep the desired volume 
2. Divided the lessons into units and learn one unit per day.
3. Listen to the pronunciation of each expression/word and repeat it
4. Apply the words and expression in you daily life situations.
5. Talk to yourself  using the words and expressions in lesson if yo don't find any partner talk to you.

Wish you a Good luck 







Saturday, October 1, 2016

Question making 'wh' -7

Sentences that contain questions  are called interrogatives sentences. Broadly speaking there are two main types of questions in English, namely ‘yes/no’ questions and ‘Wh’ questions. ‘Yes/no’ questions are also called Polar questions or Closed questions, because these questions have only two possible answers (‘yes’ or ‘no’). We are discussion ‘yes/no’ type questions  in this post.

e.g.
Are you an American?  Yes I am. (‘Yes/No’ question
‘Wh’ questions contain ‘wh’ in their question words (What, When,  How etc.). They also called open questions, because they have many answer options.
e.g.
How old are you?  I am 26 years old. or I am 26. (‘Wh’ question)
We have discussed ‘yes/no’ questions in our previous blog, lets see how ‘wh’ questions are made.
‘wh’ question making Pattern -  with the auxiliary verbs,  am, is, are
PersonSingularPlural………..       
FirstHow am I?How are we?
SecondHow are you?How are you?
Third
How Is he?
How Is she?
How Is it?
How are they?
How are they?
How are they?

NOTE
He' includes all males names  e.g. Robert, Alex, Jim, and common nouns like President , Director, Chairman, Friend, Father, Uncle etc.
'She' includes all female names e.g. Elizabeth, Mary, and common nouns like President,  Director, Chairman, Friend, Mother, aunt etc.
'It' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Singular form of things, animals etc.), & collective nouns (like team, army, group etc.
'They' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Plural form of things, people, animals etc.)    

Model Sentences

How am I looking today ?  You are looking smart./smart.
How is  your  family? Fine.
Who are you looking for? I am looking for my friend  Jim.
Where is she now? She is Chicago.
Why is he waiting at the Bus stop? She is waiting for her friend.
When are they starting their new business? Perhaps the next week.
When is the US election? On November 8.
Who are the Presidential candidates in the next month’s US Election? Hillary  Clinton and Donald Trump.
When is the next Train to the capital? Around midnight, tonight.
When  are you leaving for Sydney?  Tomorrow morning , at 7 O’ clock.

END OF THE POST

Sunday, September 18, 2016

Questions making in English, revised (1) - 6



Sentences that contain questions  are called interrogatives sentences. Broadly speaking there are two main types of questions in English, namely ‘yes/no’ questions and ‘Wh’ questions. ‘Yes/no’ questions are also called Polar questions or Closed questions, because these questions have only two possible answers (‘yes’ or ‘no’). We are discussion ‘yes/no’ type questions  in this post.

e.g.
Are you an American?  Yes I am. (‘Yes/No’ question)


‘Wh’ questions contain ‘wh’ in their question words (What, When,  How etc.). They also called open questions, because they have many answer options.

e.g.
How old are you?  I am 26 years old. or I am 26. (‘Wh’ question)

Yes/no’ question making Pattern -  with the auxiliary verbs,  am, is, are

Person
Singular
Plural……..       
First
am I
are we
Second
are you
are you
Third
Is he
Is she
Is it
are they
are they
are they

NOTE
He' includes all males names  e.g. Robert, Alex, Jim, and common nouns like President , Director, Chairman, Friend, Father, Uncle etc.
'She' includes all female names e.g. Elizabeth, Mary, and common nouns like President,  Director, Chairman, Friend, Mother, aunt etc.
'It' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Singular form of things, animals etc.), & collective nouns (like team, army, group etc.
'They' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Plural form of things, people, animals etc.)    

Model sentences
Are you OK now? Yes I am.
Am I late today ? No  you aren’t.
Is she at home? Yes she is.
Are you an Indian? Yes I am.
Is she a teacher? Yes she is.
Are Albert and Mary friends? Yes they are.
Is your uncle  a Police officer? No he isn’t, he is a Naval officer.

Note: The response can be either positive or negative.


‘Yes/no’ negative question
When a negative word is introduced in ‘yes/no’ question it changes into ‘ yes/no’ negative question.
e.g.
Aren’t  you coming with me? = Are you not coming with me.

‘Yes/no’ question making Pattern   ( with the auxiliary verbs,  am is are)

‘yes/no’ negative questions  are made  with  two different word orders namely uncontracted  and  contracted word order.

Question making pattern (Uncontracted word order)

Person
Singular
Plural……..       
First
am I not
are we not
Second
are you not
are you not
Third
Is he not
Is she not
Is it not
are they not
are they not
are they not

NOTE
He' includes all males names  e.g. Robert, Alex, Jim, and common nouns like President , Director, Chairman, Friend, Father, Uncle etc.
'She' includes all female names e.g. Elizabeth, Mary, and common nouns like President,  Director, Chairman, Friend, Mother, aunt etc.
'It' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Singular form of things, animals etc.), & collective nouns (like team, army, group etc.
'They' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Plural form of things, people, animals etc.)    


Question making pattern (Contracted word order)

Person
Singular
Plural……..       
First
aren’t  I
aren’t we
Second
aren’t  you
aren’t  you
Third
Isn’t  he
Isn’t  she
Isn’t  it
aren’t  they
aren’t  they
aren’t they

NOTE
He' includes all males names  e.g. Robert, Alex, Jim, and common nouns like President , Director, Chairman, Friend, Father, Uncle etc.
'She' includes all female names e.g. Elizabeth, Mary, and common nouns like President,  Director, Chairman, Friend, Mother, aunt etc.
'It' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Singular form of things, animals etc.), & collective nouns (like team, army, group etc.
'They' includes all types of nouns and pronouns (Plural form of things, people, animals etc.)    

Model Sentences
Is she not a teacher at  Oxford School? = Isn’t she a teacher at Oxford school?
Are you not attending Mary’s Party tonight? = Aren’t you attending Mary’s party tonight?
Have they not finished the job? = Haven’t they finished the job?
Are you not  ready yet? = Aren’t  you ready yet?
Am I  not right? = Aren’t I right? (‘Amn’t  I’ is not acceptable, but certain people use it in their dialect.)
Are Jim and Clara not classmates? = Aren’t Jim and Clara classmates?
Is the boss not in his office? = Isn’t the boss in his office?

Different meanings/Contexts  of Negative questions

1. Why are  your  clothes wet?  Didn’t it rain a while ago?  (=  I believe, you know, that it rained  some time back.)

2. Wouldn’t it be nice to have a cup of coffee? = It would be nice to have a cup of coffee.
    (You believe that it’s good to have a cup of coffee.)

3. Hasn’t the milkman come yet? ( You are surprised that the milkman hasn’t come on time)
4.You look tired, Why don’t you have some fruit juice (Suggestion /request)

5. Can’t you keep quiet for some time,  I am watching news on TV? (Order)
    

 End of this Post


Saturday, September 17, 2016

Greeting people -5


You Don't need to know any grammar rule to speak the following sentences, yet these are very important and friendly Expressions 
 
1.When someone does a favour to you, say
Thank you very much
Thanks
That’s very kind of you.
Thanks a lot.
 
Reply to the above statement
It’s O.K
That’s alright/it’s alright
You are welcome
Doesn’t matter
It’s my pleasure
 
2.When you require someone’s help, say politely
Could/would you please move a little bit
Could/would please turn off the music system in your room
Please help me lift/move this bag/box.
 
3.When you want to interrupt someone’s talk/ privacy say
Excuse me/Sorry for the Interruption/Excuse me, Just a minute.
 
4.When you didn’t hear something, say
Pardon me/sorry/excuse me/could you please repeat that.
 
5.When you cause harm to others unintentionally
Say, I am sorry, I am extremely sorry, sorry for……, Sorry I didn’t ……
 
More examples
Sorry I didn’t mean it.
Sorry I didn’t see you in the dim light.
I am extremely sorry for hurting you leg.
I am so sorry for making you to wait for such a long time.
Sorry I didn’t know that it’s your seat.
 
6. Appreciating someone
That’s it,  fantastic,  Marvelous, Well-done, Excellent etc.
 
7.When you are introduced to someone for the first time, say
Hello, glad/pleased/happy, to meet you. ‘I am’ may be added after ‘Hello’
 
8.When you are unaware of something, that someone has asked you, say
Sorry, Sorry I don’t know, Sorry I am not aware of this/that
 
9.Addressing people
a. Professionals Doctor/ Professor as Doctor/professor + last name. e.g. Dr. Smith,  Professor  Brown
b. Friend as Hi + last name.
e.g. Hi Davis, Hi Murphy
 
Address a women as madamMarried woman as Mrs. + her husband’s last name, 
e.g.  Mrs. James, Mrs. Baker
 
c. Married/single woman as Ms. + last name (used in business environment)
e.g. Ms. Davis, Ms. Bell
 
d. Single or Unmarried woman as Miss + last name (Not common these days).
 
e. Males married/single say Mr.  + last name
e.g. Mr. Brown,  Mr. Lee , Mr. Khan,  Mr. Patel
 
NOTE: When the people are well known to you.  You may use first name
 
10.Wishing/Greeting people                                                      
   12.01 a.m. Up to 11.59.a.m. Good morning
   Exactly at 12.00 noon -  Good noon
   12.00 noon to 4.00 p.m. Good afternoon
   4.00 till 12.00 midnight – good evening
   After 12.00,midnight - good morning
   
 
11.Parting with someone.
   Day time – say good day, see you/see you soon , bye etc.
   Evening – say goodnight/ bye/see you (up to 11.59 p.m.)
   NOTE: Good day/night is same as saying bye
 
12.Congratulating people on
   Birth day – Happy birth/grand + day, congratulation
   New year  - Wish you a very happy/prosperous+ new year
   Married   - Wish you a very happy married life or just say congratulation
   Achievement – Well done/excellent/marvelous/congratulation/Remarkable

Shortened forms or Contractions -4


Some frequently used words in English are written in Short forms. Below is the list of  important short forms of the words frequently used in English writing. 
ContractionsMeaning
I’mI am
I’veI have
I’dI  would/had
I’llI will
You’reYou are
You’llYou will
You’veYou have
You’dYou would/had
he’sHe is/had
he’dHe would/had
he’llHe will
She’sShe is/has
She’dShe would/had
She’llShe will
We’reWe are
We’llWe will
We’veWe have
We’dWe had/would
they’rethey are
they’llthey will
they’vethey have
they’dthey had/would
there’sthere is/has
there’llthere will
there’dthere would/had
It’sit is/has

Contractions – Negatives


ContractionMeaning
aren’tare not
can’tcannot
couldn’tcould not
daren’tdare not
don’tdo not
doesn’tdoes not
didn’tdid not
haven’thave not
hasn’thas not
hadn’thad not
isn’tis not
mustn’tmust not
mightn’tmight not
needn’tneed not
oughtn’tought not
shouldn’tshould not
shan’tshall not
usedn’tused not
wasn’twas not
weren’twere not
wouldn’twould not
won’twill not